Amongst the Scandinavian countries, there have been recognisably evident national and regional identities in art and therefore in architecture. This is attribute is encouraged by the strong traditions of urban planning and upkeep of a good welfare state. In turn, this atmosphere in Scandinavia provided a smoother transition from Neo-Classicism to Modernism styles of architecture. National RomanticismNational Romanticism was and eclectic approach aiming to combine gothic styles with modern ideals. The style possesses combined influences from Italian Palazzo (a palace-type style emerging during the Italian renaissance, popular amongst the wealthy) and Swedish Vernacular (domestic and practical focused architecture). National Romanticism arose as a result of architects struggling to define a new architectural language. Therefore they turned to styles which showed national identity. This was a popular concepts as during this period of time Finland had gained its independence from Russian rule.
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The Avant Garde movement grew from Realism in the 1850s. It became more prevalent around and during the World War I period fuelled by the turmoil, difficulty and unrest of that time. The Avant Garde movement also acted as a means of reacting against the how technological advancements and developments were shaping architecture and art as a whole. Realism as a style moved into cubism. Cubism being a style in which artist could capture and create more realistic view in a abstract way. This was through showing many facets of an object for example. Although the object in reality may not appear as the as seen in a cubist painting, the view is still able to get a more detailed idea of the object as more of it can be conveyed. This ideology may have played a role in Avant Garde architecture. Buildings evolved to being designed not only to take advantage of modern materials and technology but also were a means of artist expression. Buildings were built articulating culture and emotion in their forms and typology as well as utilising modern advancements of the times. Futurist Manifesto
De Stijl
Fig.1: http://www.viv-it.org/immagini/boccioni-visioni-simultanee-1911
Fig.2: https://www.moma.org/meetme/modules/module_nine#module_9_1 Fig.3: http://www.mondriantrust.com/cubism/ Fig.4: http://www.artecapital.net/exposicao-279-theo-van-doesburg-van-doesburg-and-the-international-avant-garde-constructing-a-new-world Fig.5: http://centraalmuseum.nl/en/visit/locations/rietveld-schroder-house/ |
AuthorBA Architecture student at Birmingham City University. The progresses of first year. Archives
November 2015
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